The question "What does back pain means?"It may seem stupid.Everyone can test it.Dried, raised a heavy object, has long been in a forced pose, an uncomfortable bed, here is a list of ordinary reasons to overload the back and pain.The decision begins.Drink an anesthesia and wait for quick recovery.
It doesn't always help.The pain can firmly get behind the back and become the worst enemy for weeks, months, years.Even then, some patients may not see a doctor, but continue to take pills.
Pain is the signal of our body through the nervous system that there is a problem and it must be solved.The situation is much worse when the disease progresses and nothing hurts.This occurs with oncological diseases when pain occurs in the last stages of the disease.
Types of pain
Non -specific - takes more than 85% of the doctor's visit.Associated with the overload of muscles, ligaments, tendons, small joints of the spine.
Koreshka - caused by the compression of the nerve root of a hernia.Up to 10% of cases.
Specific - caused by a certain disease.This includes a fracture of the spine, tuberculosis, purulent process, neoplasm, narrowing of the vertebral canal, the disease of the abdominal cavity, a small pool and others.Up to 10% of cases.
Symptoms
Typical symptoms of non -specific pain:
- appearance, exacerbation during movement (net rotation of the head, slope, weight lifting);
- occurs after a long forced position (sedentary work on the computer, with professional drivers, static static work for sellers);
- Limit mobility after sleep in an uncomfortable position, on an uneven surface.
The reason for these symptoms in engine stereotype violation, when certain muscles and joints are overloaded, while others, on the contrary, do not participate in movements.
There is an "unprepared" movement.When the muscles are not stretched, the ligaments are not warmed up and they receive a large load or a very large volume of movements.Thus, office employees who are not involved in sport, after Timbilding events with game activities, rope cities, competitions may not go to work the next day due to problems with the back.Another category is the gardeners of the age of the pension.They passed all the winter houses with minimal physical activity and suddenly gave an excess load on the spine.The result is a pain, limitation of mobility.
The roots of the spinal cord are characterized by:
- Fingers of the foot fingers, brush;
- violation of reflexes;
- Changes in sensitivity (numbness, increase in skin sensitivity);
- decrease in muscle strength;
- Symptoms of muscle tension.
According to these symptoms - pain in the tongue, numbness of the little finger on the arm or pain of shooting in the leg, it is often possible to determine quite precisely at which level in the spine there was a compression of the nerve without MRI.
Specific pain may indicate a potentially dangerous serious disease.Threat symptoms:
- the start of persistent back pain up to 15 years and after 50 years;
- Unwanted nature (pain does not decrease alone, in a lie position, in certain poses);
- pain link with injury;
- softness of pain;
- the presence of oncology earlier;
- Temperature pain, weight loss;
- prolonged stiffness in the morning;
- paralysis, pelvic disorders, serious sensitivity disorders;
- Changes in urine analyzes, blood.
The cause of these violations can be serious illnesses:
- rheumatic diseases;
- malignant tumors;
- infections (osteomyelitis, abscess, tuberculosis, surrounding herpes);
- vascular diseases (aneurysm of the abdominal aorta);
- blood diseases;
- osteoporosis;
- Kidney diseases, cystitis;
- pancreatitis, duodenal ulcer;
- Stenosis of the vertebral canal, vertebral fractures.
Therefore, it is best to consult a doctor to exclude dangerous causes.Especially if the pain relievers help weakly and there are dangerous symptoms.
Diagnosis
This is the most important step in treatment, because all other actions depend on it.It seems that you can do an X -ray or an MRI, so everything will become clear.But there are traps here.A functional diagnostic doctor is a conclusion on the basis of what he sees in the photo.But he does not examine the patient himself.Therefore, the image results are not equal to the diagnosis.
We will analyze the example.If you take fully healthy people aged 20, then almost half of them can be detected by intervertebral record hernias.But that does not mean that they need treatment, in a depth examination or surgery on the spine to eliminate defects.
Clinical recommendations for doctors of general practice of the National Institute for the improvement of health and social assistance from Great Britain in most cases with non-specific pain syndrome up to 1 year recommends neither the X-ray or MRI with several exceptions.
Isn't that a hernia cause of pain?Only in 1 in 10 cases. In all other cases, the hernia of the disc and back pain is not connected.
First, the history of pain development, the first episode, the circumstances (injuries, load) are clarified, what other symptoms appeared, apparently not linked to back pain.
During the inspection, the turns of the spine, limiting mobility, muscle tension is evaluated.Location of pain, signs of compression of the roots ("gives" in the leg, violation of the sensitivity of the limbs).
And it is only then that, according to the indications, the CT / MRI are carried out, a general and biochemical blood test is prescribed.
Therefore, the doctor should be diagnosed.He must determine the type of pain, the necessary studies, exclude dangerous symptoms of specific pain and then prescribe treatment.
Treatment
FIRST AID. Even before taking pills, you can help yourself.It is necessary to unload the spine and give a chance to relax.To do this, we are going on a hard flat surface (floor, dining table, plywood) at the back.Under your feet, you have to put a large pillow, a roll, stools, so that the angle between the body and the hips is 90 degrees in the knees.
We breathe slowly and try to relax as much as possible at each expiration.You can lie as much as necessary.The main thing is that the surface is not cold.The soft sofas, the beds are not suitable.
Drug.As a rule, treatment begins with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which will help relieve pain and inflammation.These drugs can be purchased without a prescription, but they cannot be taken in an uncontrolled manner.
Their contribution can cause erosion, intestinal ulcers and stomach, bleeding.If there are already problems with the gastrointestinal tract, this increases the risk of complications.They can have a toxic effect on the liver.There is a risk for the cardiovascular system, the kidneys, with bronchial asthma.
Traditional NSAIDs have more side effects, especially on the digestive system.But they are quite affordable.
Selective NSAIDs have a much lower harmful effect on the digestive tract, but have a higher price.
At the same time, the choice of medication is preferable to entrust the doctor so that he correlates the risk and the benefit in each case.Perhaps prescribed drugs to protect the stomach.
Another group of drugs is the muscle relaxants, they help relieve muscle spasms.
Chondroprotectors are also used.
Life. Back pain does not mean that you should lie all the time.Rest in bed, corsets and other devices that limit movements are not recommended.This will only cause the weakening of the muscles that hold us in a vertical position.
It is necessary to maintain a reasonable activity to maintain the tone, normalize blood circulation.Light walks, gymnastics, physiotherapy exercises are suitable.
You should also sleep on a hard orthopedic mattress.Make breaks at work to walk.Drink enough liquid.
Prevention
For prevention, it is necessary to strengthen the back to create a strong muscle corset.Physiological directions such as swimming, pilates and yoga are suitable.
Sleep is recommended on a steep flat surface.The pillow is small, comfortable.
Lift bags over 3 kg with a lower back with the strength of the legs.The load is distributed evenly by 2 hands.
Replace the bag with a backpack and wear on two straps
To reduce the shock absorber load on the spine, wear shoes with a thick extended sole.It is advisable to reduce weight.